{"id":263,"date":"2025-11-27T15:58:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-27T15:58:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopoliticalmining.com\/?p=263"},"modified":"2025-11-27T17:20:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T17:20:17","slug":"chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopoliticalmining.com\/fr\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\/","title":{"rendered":"Chile\u2019s Lithium Inflection Point: From Cost Leader to System Checkpoint"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n  :root {\n    --ink: #0a0a0a;\n    --accent: #E6DFD3;\n    --accent-ink: #1A1A1A;\n    --ring: rgba(230,223,211,.35);\n  }\n\n  * { box-sizing: border-box; }\n  body {\n    margin: 0;\n    font-family: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial;\n    line-height: 1.6;\n    color: var(--ink);\n    background: #fbfbfb;\n  }\n\n  .container {\n    width: min(1000px, 92%);\n    margin: auto;\n  }\n\n  .section {\n    padding: 64px 0;\n  }\n\n  h1 {\n    font-size: clamp(28px, 5vw, 50px);\n    line-height: 1.1;\n    margin: .2em 0;\n  }\n\n  h2 {\n    font-size: clamp(24px, 4vw, 34px);\n    margin-bottom: .5rem;\n  }\n\n  h3 {\n    font-size: clamp(20px, 3vw, 26px);\n    margin-top: 1.8rem;\n    margin-bottom: .4rem;\n  }\n\n  p.lead {\n    font-size: clamp(16px, 2.5vw, 20px);\n    color: #333;\n    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;\n  }\n\n  .small {\n    font-size: clamp(14px, 2vw, 16px);\n    color: #555;\n  }\n\n  \/* Ocultar cabecera del tema *\/\n  header, h1.entry-title, .wp-block-post-title {\n    display: none !important;\n  }\n\n  \/* Header propio *\/\n  .site-header {\n    position: sticky;\n    top: 0;\n    z-index: 1000;\n    background:#fff;\n    border-bottom:1px solid #eee;\n  }\n\n  .site-header-inner {\n    display:flex;\n    align-items:center;\n    justify-content:space-between;\n    gap:16px;\n    padding:12px 0;\n  }\n\n  .site-header-nav {\n    display:flex;\n    gap:16px;\n    font-size:14px;\n  }\n\n  .site-header-nav a {\n    text-decoration:none;\n    color:#222;\n    font-weight:500;\n  }\n\n  .site-header-nav a:hover {\n    color:#1f3c88;\n  }\n\n  @media (max-width: 800px) {\n    .site-header-inner {\n      flex-direction:column;\n      align-items:flex-start;\n    }\n  }\n<\/style>\n\n<!-- Header fijo -->\n<div class=\"site-header\">\n  <div class=\"container site-header-inner\">\n    <a href=\"\/fr\/\" aria-label=\"Go to Geopolitical Mining\">\n      <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopoliticalmining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Captura-de-pantalla-2025-10-05-a-las-7.29.40-p.m.webp?ssl=1\"\n           alt=\"Geopolitical Mining\"\n           style=\"height:100px;width:auto;display:block;\">\n    <\/a>\n    <nav class=\"site-header-nav\">\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/\">Home<\/a>\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/weekly\/\">Weekly<\/a>\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/country-region-analysis\/\">Country &amp; Region<\/a>\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a>\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/about\/\">About<\/a>\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/faq\/\">FAQ<\/a>\n      <a href=\"\/fr\/book\/\">Book<\/a>\n    <\/nav>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<main>\n  <!-- COUNTRY BRIEF -->\n  <section class=\"section\" style=\"background:#fff;\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n\n      <p class=\"small\" style=\"text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.18em;margin-bottom:.5rem;color:#777;\">\n        Geopolitical Mining \u00b7 Country Brief\n      <\/p>\n\n      <h1 style=\"margin-bottom:0.3rem;\">\n        Chile\u2019s Lithium Inflection Point: From Cost Leader to System Checkpoint\n      <\/h1>\n\n      <p class=\"small\" style=\"margin-bottom:0.3rem;\">\n        Why a world-class resource is no longer enough \u2013 and what this means for investors deciding between Chile, Argentina and the rest of the lithium map.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\" style=\"margin-bottom:0.3rem;\">\n        By Eduardo (Ed) Zamanillo\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\" style=\"margin-bottom:1.8rem;\">\n        Nov 23, 2025\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"lead\">\n        Chile\u2019s lithium story is often told as a domestic debate about royalties, institutions or political cycles. For investors and strategic decision-makers, the real issue is simpler \u2013 and more uncomfortable: Chile is no longer the structural cost leader in a market it helped build.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        For almost two decades, the Atacama basin combined Tier-1 brine, institutional stability and highly competitive costs. That combination turned Chile into the anchor of global lithium supply and a \u201cdefault jurisdiction\u201d for many portfolios. Today, the data tells a different story. On S&#038;P\u2019s 2024 cost curves, Chile sits closer to the top than to the bottom, even as Australia, Argentina and China expand capacity at speed.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        The question is no longer whether Chile has the right geology. It is whether its system can still turn that geology into durable advantage.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <h2>From cost leader to cost laggard<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        The shift is most visible on the cost curve.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        In 2000, Chile sat among the lowest-cost lithium producers globally. Total cash costs for lithium carbonate hovered around US$1,155\/LCE \u2013 comfortably below Australia, Zimbabwe, the U.S. and most emerging producers.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        By 2024, the picture had changed dramatically. According to S&#038;P Global Market Intelligence, Chile\u2019s cash costs for lithium carbonate reached around US$8,253\/LCE, and hydroxide costs around US$10,348\/LCE \u2013 placing the country among the highest-cost producers internationally. Chile is now more expensive than Zimbabwe, Australia, Brazil, Argentina, Canada, China and the U.S., despite having one of the world\u2019s most competitive brine resources.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        This is not a cyclical story of prices or a temporary squeeze. It is a structural story about governance, technology, hydrology and volume.\n      <\/p>\n <h2>How did Chile get here?<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Chile\u2019s lithium framework is not an accident of recent politics. It is a legacy of an earlier geopolitical era.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        During the Cold War, lithium was formally classified as a \u201cmaterial de inter\u00e9s nuclear\u201d and placed under the authority of the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission (CCHEN). The same architecture designed to regulate radioactive materials ended up shaping the governance of lithium. Over time, that security-driven model layered new institutions and contracts on top, but was never fully adapted to the demands of a fast-moving, technology-driven battery economy.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        For investors, this legacy shows up in five ways:\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>1. Fragmented governance with too many veto players.<\/strong><br>\n      Corfo, CCHEN, the Ministry of Mining, the Ministry of Environment, Codelco, ENAMI and regional authorities all play a role. What used to take months now takes years. Overlapping mandates generate uncertainty not only for new capital, but even for operators already in production.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>2. Royalty structures that push Chile up the cost curve.<\/strong><br>\n      Chile\u2019s royalty framework, renegotiated over time and indexed to price, delivers high fiscal take in boom cycles \u2013 but structurally raises unit costs compared to Argentina\u2019s provincial regimes or Australia\u2019s hard-rock royalties. For a while the Atacama\u2019s quality masked that effect. It no longer does.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>3. Technological stagnation in extraction.<\/strong><br>\n      While other jurisdictions are experimenting with direct lithium extraction (DLE), hybrid evaporation systems and new brine chemistries, Chile has moved slowly. Continued reliance on legacy evaporation infrastructure has eroded yields and increased exposure to operational risk and cost volatility.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>4. Hydrological uncertainty in a stressed basin.<\/strong><br>\n      Atacama is a hydrologically sensitive system. Without a basin-wide water model, companies face conservative extraction limits, additional monitoring requirements and higher operational risk. These safeguards are legitimate \u2013 but in the absence of better data and integrated governance, they translate into structural inefficiencies.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>5. Plateauing and declining volumes.<\/strong><br>\n      As Australia, Argentina and China added capacity, Chile\u2019s output flattened and even contracted in certain periods. Lower throughput inevitably pushes unit costs higher, particularly in high-fixed-cost systems.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        The result is that Chile\u2019s advantage is no longer structural.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        The country still has world-class geology. What it no longer has is an unquestioned cost position or an unquestioned system.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <h2>Three futures in the Lithium Triangle<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Chile\u2019s story doesn\u2019t exist in isolation. Investors are not choosing between Chile and \u201cnowhere\u201d; they are choosing between Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and other fast-scaling jurisdictions.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        A simple way to frame the Lithium Triangle is as three models and three futures:\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Argentina \u2013 Expansion at speed, stability in debate.<\/strong><br>\n      A federal, province-driven model that has become the most dynamic lithium frontier in the world. Dozens of salares are moving through exploration, construction and commissioning, supported by relatively investment-friendly policies compared to its neighbours.<br><br>\n      The October 2025 elections gave President Javier Milei a renewed mandate for a pro-market, deregulation-oriented agenda, providing greater political backing to push reforms and implement processes that had long been discussed but not executed. The opportunity is a faster alignment between rhetoric and policy on investment and trade. The risk is that macro instability, currency volatility and regulatory asymmetry between provinces still undermine the system just as scale is achieved.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Bolivia \u2013 Geological scale, institutional constraint under a new leadership cycle.<\/strong><br>\n      Bolivia holds the largest theoretical lithium resources, concentrated in Uyuni, but limited technological scalability, centralised governance and political uncertainty have kept production well below potential. For two decades, a state-dominant model and restrictive laws deterred foreign capital and slowed technology transfer.<br><br>\n      The election of Rodrigo Paz in late 2025 opens a new political chapter, with a discourse that explicitly distances itself from the Evo Morales era and signals an interest in revisiting how Bolivia engages with markets and foreign partners. For now, however, the core constraints remain: the legal framework has not yet been fully updated, social tensions in Potos\u00ed are unresolved, and brine chemistry is still complex to process at scale. Bolivia therefore remains the clearest example of a core theme in geopolitical mining: without an industrial system, geological potential remains unrealised potential.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Chile \u2013 Mature coalitions, emerging pressures in a new electoral test.<\/strong><br>\n      Once the uncontested benchmark for predictable rules and Tier-1 brine, Chile now faces governance fragmentation, rising royalties, slower technology adoption and declining volumes. On top of these structural pressures, the country is heading into a presidential runoff between Communist Party candidate Jeannette Jara \u2014 broadly seen as continuity with the Gabriel Boric administration \u2014 and Jos\u00e9 Antonio Kast from the Republican Party, who proposes a more market-oriented shift in economic policy and the role of the State.<br><br>\n      Their contrasting views on public companies, regulation and foreign investment in strategic sectors will shape the next phase of Chile\u2019s lithium policy. Chile remains a heavyweight in lithium, but its influence now depends less on its resource and more on whether the next administration can rebuild a coherent system, rather than relying on its institutional past.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        From an investor\u2019s perspective, the trade-off is no longer \u201cChile = safe, others = risky\u201d. It is a portfolio question: how much exposure to a high-quality but slower system versus faster, more volatile frontiers?\n      <\/p>\n<h2>The Codelco\u2013SQM deal: signal or solution?<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        In this context, the Codelco\u2013SQM partnership has been widely interpreted as a decisive turning point. In reality, it is better understood as a necessary rebuilding step, not a solution in itself.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Bringing Codelco into a long-term joint venture can stabilise production in Atacama, give the State a clearer strategic role, and provide a platform for technological upgrades and midstream partnerships.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        But even the best-designed JV will not fix structural issues unless:\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        \u2022 governance is simplified,<br>\n        \u2022 basin-level hydrological data is integrated and credible,<br>\n        \u2022 permitting becomes predictable,<br>\n        \u2022 reinvestment incentives are aligned, and<br>\n        \u2022 technology adoption is accelerated.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        For capital, the relevant question is not \u201cIs Codelco\u2013SQM good or bad?\u201d but: <em>\u201cDoes this arrangement sit inside a system that is evolving, or inside a system that remains structurally constrained?\u201d<\/em>\n      <\/p>\n\n      <h2>What this means for investors and boards<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        For investors and boards, the decision is not whether to engage with Chile. The country still offers proven Tier-1 brine, experienced operators, deep institutional knowledge, and a central position in global lithium contracting.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        The decision is <strong>how<\/strong> to engage \u2013 and on what assumptions.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>1. Price Chile as a system, not just a resource.<\/strong><br>\n      Cost curves, permitting timelines and hydrological constraints are now as important as grade and recovery. Chile is no longer a \u201csafe default\u201d; it is a complex, high-potential system that requires active monitoring.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>2. Benchmark Chile against Argentina and Australia on execution, not geology.<\/strong><br>\n      Portfolios concentrated in Chile should be stress-tested against scenarios where Argentina overtakes it in volume and Australia continues to expand hard-rock supply at speed. The question is how Chile\u2019s system performs under those competitive pressures.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>3. Watch the next decade of reforms, not just the next year of headlines.<\/strong><br>\n      A 10-year national strategy for critical minerals, unified lithium governance, basin-level data, redesigned permitting and midstream\/value-capture policies will determine whether Chile restores its leadership \u2013 or gradually becomes a slower, higher-cost jurisdiction in a market that rewards speed and integrated systems.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        In <em>Mining Is Dead. Long Live Geopolitical Mining<\/em>, we argue that sovereignty in critical minerals is industrial, not rhetorical. It belongs to the countries that turn geological privilege into systems: governance, technology, midstream capacity, credible rules.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Chile still has the opportunity to do exactly that. But for investors and boards, the era of assuming that Atacama\u2019s geology automatically guarantees structural advantage is over. The next phase will be decided not by the quality of the resource, but by the quality \u2013 and speed \u2013 of execution around it.\n      <\/p>\n <h2>The multipolar world: Latin America, Africa, and Asia reshape the chessboard<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        In this new geopolitical mining momentum, the inevitable question is what roles Latin America, Africa, and Asia\u2014beyond China\u2014will play.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Each represents a distinct piece on the global chessboard: Latin America with vast geological wealth and political fragmentation; Africa with early continental coordination efforts and a rising ambition to capture greater internal value; and Asia with new industrial centers challenging Beijing\u2019s monopoly.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        These regions are not content to be mere spectators; they seek to negotiate their positions actively in the new mining order. Within them, the boundaries between state, industry, and territory are being redefined, clearly signaling that the future won\u2019t solely be decided between China and the West, but within a multipolar mineral landscape, where each actor aims to convert resources into tangible power, and power into strategic influence.\n      <\/p>\n\n      <h2>Toward the era of geopolitical mining: what to do now<\/h2>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Recent events confirm a historic shift. The key question isn\u2019t about how much to extract, but who processes, standardizes, and controls the materials underpinning technology, energy, and defense. We propose seven practical keys:\n      <\/p>\n\n      <!-- SEVEN KEYS -->\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Sovereign speed:<\/strong> time is power. Simplify regulatory processes, create single windows, ensure predictable timelines, and combine environmental rigor with efficiency.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Narrative for legitimacy:<\/strong> present mining clearly as strategic infrastructure for modern life, emphasizing data-driven arguments that without critical minerals, there is no energy transition, technological advancement, or security.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Integral industrialization:<\/strong> extracting without processing is surrendering power. Close processing gaps to capture more value domestically and reduce exposure.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Alliances for resilience:<\/strong> no country controls the entire chain alone. Establish strategic partnerships, standardize suppliers, diversify networks, and create rotating mineral reserves.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Clean tech diplomacy:<\/strong> sustainability isn\u2019t just a cost\u2014it\u2019s a strategic advantage. Traceability and lower environmental footprints provide a diplomatic and market premium.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Artificial intelligence as advantage:<\/strong> use AI to accelerate exploration, optimize processes, ensure quality, and provide transparent auditing across supply chains.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\"><strong>Social legitimacy as durable power:<\/strong> stability relies on local support. Engage communities from the outset, provide tangible benefits, ensure transparency, and establish independent conflict-resolution mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n      <p class=\"small\">\n        Understanding mining in the 21st century as geopolitical means recognizing this game has just begun. The challenge is not merely rapid reaction but strategic foresight, coherence, and deliberate action. Only then can the West move beyond perpetual reactivity and reclaim leadership in a race that\u2019s still open and whose outcome remains very much undecided.\n      <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n<\/main>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Strategic brief on Chile\u2019s lithium system: how a world-class resource became a high-cost jurisdiction, why governance and technology now shape competitiveness, and what this shift means for investors comparing Chile with Argentina, Australia and emerging producers.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":267,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"iawp_total_views":6,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ccountry-region-analysis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chile\u2019s Lithium Inflection Point: From Cost Leader to System Checkpoint - Geopolitical Mining<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geopoliticalmining.com\/fr\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chile\u2019s Lithium Inflection Point: From Cost Leader to System Checkpoint - Geopolitical Mining\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Strategic brief on Chile\u2019s lithium system: how a world-class resource became a high-cost jurisdiction, why governance and technology now shape competitiveness, and what this shift means for investors comparing Chile with Argentina, Australia and emerging producers.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/geopoliticalmining.com\/fr\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Geopolitical Mining\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-27T15:58:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-27T17:20:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/geopoliticalmining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Captura-de-pantalla-2025-11-27-a-las-10.48.07-a.m.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1214\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"928\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"REGION.AMERICAS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@qmbookss\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@qmbookss\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"REGION.AMERICAS\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"REGION.AMERICAS\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/462adf17459cf00831062625c414c4c8\"},\"headline\":\"Chile\u2019s Lithium Inflection Point: From Cost Leader to System Checkpoint\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-27T15:58:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-27T17:20:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1985,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/chiles-lithium-inflection-point-from-cost-leader-to-system-checkpoint\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/geopoliticalmining.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/Captura-de-pantalla-2025-11-27-a-las-10.48.07-a.m.webp?fit=1214%2C928&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Country &amp; 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